Names of casuarina equisetifolia in various languages of the world are also given. Australian pine casuarina equisetifolia florida exotic pest. Trunk straight, cylindrical, usually branchless for up to 10 m, up to 100 max. Casuarina equisetifolia horsetail casuarina description very coastal tolerant native tree with needle like foliage and wide spreading habit size medium size maximum height. Usda, ars, germplasm resources information network. Casuarina comes from the latinized version of the word for cassowary, in reference to the small branches of this tree that resemble the droopy plumage of the cassowary bird native to australia. They are naturally distributed in tropical eastern africa, the mascarene islands, southeast asia, malaysia, australia, and polynesia. This page was last edited on 8 november 2017, at 12. Mangrove guidebook for southeast asia pdf online downloadable. Latin for casuarius or cassowary, branches resemblance to birds feathers. Leaves reduced to tiny scales, 68 in whorls encircling joints of branchlets.
Species the species name equisetifolia is a combination of the latin root words equi meaning horse, seti meaning with. Casuarina equisetifolia beach sheoak introduction beach sheoak casuarina equisetifolia is native from australia eastward into melanesia and westward to coastal southeast asia, but it was also an ancient introduction over a much larger range. Casuarina equisetifolia fixes ca 60230 kg nhayr aspiras, 1981. Field guide to identify the common casuarina australian pine species in florida 4 2. Rhu tree casuarina equisetifolia on the shores of singapore. Two subspecies, equisetifolia and incana, are recognized wilson and johnson, 1989, with the former more. The climate in its natural range is semiarid to subhumid and frostfree. Biology of australian pine casuarina equisetifolia l. Casuarina equisetifolia is an evergreen tree growing to 30 m 98ft by 20 m 65ft at a fast rate. An assessment of dna polymorphisms and genetic relationships of casuarina equisetifolia using rapd markers. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Australia, south pacific islands, southeast asia botanical description. Hawaiian plants a nd tropical flowers, casuarina equisetifolia common iron wood. However, casuarina can be differentiated from allocasuarinas by having grey or yellowbrown samara and bracteoles of infructescence thin and without dorsal protuberance.
Pdf casuarina equisetifolia l a potential tree researchgate. Report t 682 a bibliography schinus, melaleuca, and. Widely grown in malaysia, the pacific islands, australia and west indies, casuarina is used in shipbuilding for the quality of. Casuarina equisetifolia on the nparks flora and fauna website. Casuarina equisetifolia, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects. Longfavored for use in erosion control along beaches, australianpine tree is now outlawed in many parts of florida due to its invasive nature, rapid growth rate, and nonnative status.
For more information and pictures about casuarina equisetifolia, view the langelandburks book. The tallest casuarina forests occur along rivers, where trees can grow to more than 20 metres. How casuarina equisetifolia is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Pharmacological studies of anti diarrhoeal activity of. Usersmed iadownloads casuarina %20 equisetifolia %20l. It is native to australia and southeast asia and was introduced into florida in the late 1800s. Used for timber and medicine, also for erosion control on coastal sands. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. For more information and pictures about casuarina equisetifolia, view.
Casuarina forests occur as woodlands or open forests over more than 2. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. The wood, burning with immense heat, even when green, has been called the best firewood in the world. Casuarina equisetifolia is an evergreen tree with a finely branched, feathery crown, usually growing growing from 6 35 metres tall though occasional plants up to 60 metres tall have been recorded. Antidiarrhoeal activity of 90% ethanol extract of casuarina equisetifolia was investigated in this study using castor oilinduceddiarrhoea, enteropooling and small intestinal transit models in rats. The tree can attain heights of up to 50 meters, with a diameter of up to 18 centimetres.
Any of various trees or shrubs of the genus casuarina native to australia, southeast asia, and neighboring islands, having jointed needlelike branchlets, scalelike whorled leaves, and small fruits grouped in woody conelike structures. Belonging to the casuarinaceae family, casuarina equisetifolia is a plant with a straight trunk that can reach a height of 5065 feet. View picture of casuarina species, australian pine, dune sheoak, horsetail casuarina, horsetail she oak casuarina equisetifolia at daves garden. Miehe 1918 described the general structure of the nodules of casuarina equisetifolia, and noted its resemblance to that of the nodules of alnus. The proximate composition of both the leaves and fruits of. Ironwood, australian pine casuarina equisetifolia l. Microscopic study of the branching process in the nodule lobes led him to conclude that branching was initiated in the apex by a segmentation of the. Casuarina definition of casuarina by the free dictionary.
Equisetum is latin for horse hair describing the weeping effect of the foliage. Crown shape initially conical but tends to flatten with age. Nonfrankia actinomycetes isolated from surfacesterilized roots of. General information about casuarina equisetifolia csueq india, bangladesh, indochina, malesia, australia. Horsetail casuarina, horsetail sheoak, beach casuarina and coastal sheoak. Casuarinaceae, the beefwood family of dicotyledonous flowering plants, with two genera casuarina, 30 species. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in casuarina equisetifolia. Giesen, wim and stephan wulffraat, max zieren and liesbeth scholten. Casuarina equisetifolia florida exotic pest plant council. Casuarina equisetifolia she oak, common ru, australian.
Both of these species had a better form factor than did c. The name is derived from the latin equinus pertaining to horses, and folium a leaf, in reference to the fine drooping twigs which are reminiscent of coarse horse hair. Isolated from surfacesterilized roots of casuarina equisetifolia fix nitrogen. Casuarina is a hardwood tree that is grown in areas bordering water in the tropics. Casuarina equisetifolia herb uses, benefits, cures, side. Abstract only volume 75, issue 1, p119, january 01, 1985. Casuarina equisetifolia is an evergreen, dioecious or monoecious tree 635 60 m tall, with a finely branched crown. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Casuarina litorea, iron wood, coast sheoak, whistling pine, australian pine, horsetail beefwood, australian oak, swamp oak, toa samoa. Casuarina equisetifolia in the germplasm resources information network grin, u.
This paper will highlight the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of casuarina equisetifolia. Overview appearance casuarina equisetifolia is a deciduous tree that occurs in open, coastal habitats including sand beaches, rocky coasts and sand dunes. Rap publication 200607 food and agriculture organization of the united nations regional office for asia and the pacific. Evergreen tree to 46 m 150 ft tall, usually with single trunk and open, irregular crown. Casuarina is a genus of 17 tree species in the family casuarinaceae, native to australia, the indian subcontinent, southeast asia, islands of. Australianpine, beefwood, ironwood, sheoak, horsetail tree synonymy. Casuarina equisetifolia linn eece was studied against castor oilinduceddiarrhoea model in rats. Gymnostoma, 20 species of trees and shrubs, many of which have a distinctly pinelike aspect when seen from afar. Casuarina equisetifolia at usda plants database casuarina equisetifolia on integrated taxonomic information system. A potential tree technical report pdf available in international journal of agriculture and biology september 2016 with 1,923 reads. Propagation of casuarina equisetifolia through exillary buds of immature female inflorescences cultured in vitro.
One of a genus of 17 species, casuarina equisetifolia is native to the tropical and subtropical coastlines of australia, south east asia, malesia, melanesia, and. Casuarina is more closely related to allocasuarina by having invisible stomates and relatively thin and inconspicuous bracts. Plants profile for casuarina equisetifolia beach sheoak. List of various diseases cured by casuarina equisetifolia. Control efforts included manual pulling of seedlings, basal bark and cut. Initiation and development of root nodules of casuarina. Most casuarina forests are low in height, sometimes with a dense, shrubby understorey. Field guide to identify the common casuarina australian. Media in category casuarina equisetifoliathe following 200 files are in this category, out of 255 total. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Flowers unisexual monoecious, inconspicuous, female in small axillary clusters, male. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 382558 with original publication details.